Tenses
TENSES
1.
Simple
Present Tense
The simple present tense use when
an action is happening right now.
Formula : (+) Subject + Verb + Object
I work in London
(-)
Do/does + Not + verb
I
don’t work in London
(?) Do/does + S + Verb.
Do
I work in London
2.
Present
Continuous Tense
The present continuous tense is often
called the present progressive tense is the tense that describes the work that
is happening today.
Formula : (+) Subject + To Be
(is, am, are) + Verb-ing + Object
Example
: She
is writing a letter now
(-)
Subject + To Be (is, am, are) + Not + Verb-ing
+ Object
She is not writing a letter
(?) To
Be (is, am, are) + Subject + Verb-ing + Object
Is she writing a letter now?
3.
Present
Perfect Tense
The present perfect is used to
express actions that happened at an indefinite time or that began in the past
and continue in the present.
Formula : (+) Subject +
Have/Has + Verb-3
I have told you 3 times
(-)
Subject + Have/Has + Not + Verb-3
I have not ever gone to Jogjakarta even once
(?) Have/Has + Subject + Verb-3
Have
you already taken a bath?
4.
Present
Perfect Continuous
The present perfect continuous
talks about an action that started in the past and continuous in the present.
Formula : (+) Subject +
Have/Has + Been + Verb 1-ing
She has been
working at that company fo three years
(-)
Subject + Have/Has + Not + Been + Verb 1-ing
She has not been
working at that company for three years
(?) Have/Has + Subject + Been + Verb 1-ing
Has she been
working at that company for three years?
5.
Simple
Past Tense
The simple past to talk about
actions that happened at a specific time in the past.
Formula
: (+) Subject + Verb-2
I ate the cake
yesterday
(-) Subject + Did Not + Verb-1
I didn’t eat the
cake yesterday
(?) Did + Subject + Verb-1
Did I eat the cake
yesterday?
6.
Past
Continuous Tense
This tense is used to describe a
job or activity that is going on in the past.
Formula
: (+) Subject + To Be (was/were) +
Verb-ing + Object
I was playing badminton yesterday
(-) Subject + Was/Were + Not + Verb-ing
+ Object
I
was not playing badminton yesterday
(?)
Was/were + Subject + Verb-ing
+ Object?
Was
I playing badminton yesterday?
7.
Past
Perfect Tense
We use the Past
Perfect tense to emphasize that an action in the past
finished before another action in the past started.
Formula : (+)
Subject + Had + Verb-3
She
had eaten the dinner before she went to the cinema
(-) Subject
+ Had
Not
+ Verb-3
She had not eaten the dinner before she went to the cinema
(?) Had + Subject + Verb-3
Had she eaten the dinner before she went to the cinema?
8.
Past
Perfect Continuous Tense
Past
Perfect Continous tense is used to show that something started in the past and
continued up until another time in the past.
Formula : (+) S + Had + Been + Verb
1- ing
She had been waiting for you
for 3 hours when you took a bath yesterday morning
(-)
S + Had + Not
+ Been + Verb
1- ing
She had not been waiting for you for 3 hours when you took a bath yesterday morning
(?) Had + S + Been + Verb
1- ing
Had she been waiting for you for 3 hours when you took a
bath yesterday morning.
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